DE · VIRTUE / CHAPTER 76

Living things are soft

第76章 · 戒强 · 德经

CHINESE ORIGINAL

人之生也柔弱,其死也坚强。

万物草木之生也柔脆,其死也枯槁。

故坚强者死之徒,柔弱者生之徒。

是以兵强则不胜,木强则兵。

强大处下,柔弱处上。

ENGLISH · JAMES LEGGE, 1891

Man at his birth is supple and weak; at his death, firm and strong. (So it is with) all things. Trees and plants, in their early growth, are soft and brittle; at their death, dry and withered.

Thus it is that firmness and strength are the concomitants of death; softness and weakness, the concomitants of life.

Hence he who (relies on) the strength of his forces does not conquer; and a tree which is strong will fill the out-stretched arms, (and thereby invites the feller.)

Therefore the place of what is firm and strong is below, and that of what is soft and weak is above.

Legge’s translation uses nineteenth-century English. Parentheses are the translator’s; English chapter headings are editorial reading aids. Sources & method ↗

READ IN CONTEXT

Nurturing life

Softness, breathing, and the image of the newborn invite a different relationship with vitality. Read these as philosophical images, not medical instructions.

Nurturing life